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What (who) is biogenic sediments - definition
![illumination]] on a [[light microscope]]. Diatomaceous earth is made up of [[diatom]] [[cell wall]]s, an example of biogenic [[silica]]. Silica is synthesised in the diatom cell by the [[polymerisation]] of [[silicic acid]]. This image of diatomaceous earth particles in water is at a scale of 6.236 pixels/[[μm]], the entire image covers a region of approximately 1.13 by 0.69 mm.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diatomaceous Earth BrightField.jpg?width=200 "illumination]] on a [[light microscope]]. Diatomaceous earth is made up of [[diatom]] [[cell wall]]s, an example of biogenic [[silica]]. Silica is synthesised in the diatom cell by the [[polymerisation]] of [[silicic acid]]. This image of diatomaceous earth particles in water is at a scale of 6.236 pixels/[[μm]], the entire image covers a region of approximately 1.13 by 0.69 mm.")
![Top of a metric regressive cycle with [[desiccation]]s, surface of bed dolomitised. Middle liassic of the High Atlas, Morocco.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Desiccation Rnim.jpg?width=200 "Top of a metric regressive cycle with [[desiccation]]s, surface of bed dolomitised. Middle liassic of the High Atlas, Morocco.")
 (31870570908).jpg?width=200 "Biogenic sediment: limestone containing fossils")
![Natural gum, a secretion from ''[[Hevea brasiliensis]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hevea gum dripping in a cup.jpg?width=200 "Natural gum, a secretion from ''[[Hevea brasiliensis]]''")
 9.jpg?width=200 "publisher = Springer-Verlag Press }}</ref>")
Wikipedia
Biogenic silica (bSi), also referred to as opal, biogenic opal, or amorphous opaline silica, forms one of the most widespread biogenic minerals. For example, microscopic particles of silica called phytoliths can be found in grasses and other plants.
Silica is an amorphous metal oxide formed by complex inorganic polymerization processes. This is opposed to the other major biogenic minerals, comprising carbonate and phosphate, which occur in nature as crystalline iono-covalent solids (e.g. salts) whose precipitation is dictated by solubility equilibria. Chemically, bSi is hydrated silica (SiO2·nH2O), which is essential to many plants and animals.
Diatoms in both fresh and salt water extract dissolved silica from the water to use as a component of their cell walls. Likewise, some holoplanktonic protozoa (Radiolaria), some sponges, and some plants (leaf phytoliths) use silicon as a structural material. Silicon is known to be required by chicks and rats for growth and skeletal development. Silicon is in human connective tissues, bones, teeth, skin, eyes, glands and organs.
